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Compare Bermuda (2001) - Korea, South (2008)

Compare Bermuda (2001) z Korea, South (2008)

 Bermuda (2001)Korea, South (2008)
 BermudaKorea, South
Administrative divisions 9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint Georges, Sandys, Smiths, Southampton, Warwick 9 provinces (do, singular and plural) and 7 metropolitan cities (gwangyoksi, singular and plural)


provinces: Cheju-do, Cholla-bukto (North Cholla), Cholla-namdo (South Cholla), Ch'ungch'ong-bukto (North Ch'ungch'ong), Ch'ungch'ong-namdo (South Ch'ungch'ong), Kangwon-do, Kyonggi-do, Kyongsang-bukto (North Kyongsang), Kyongsang-namdo (South Kyongsang)


metropolitan cities: Inch'on-gwangyoksi (Inch'on), Kwangju-gwangyoksi (Kwangju), Pusan-gwangyoksi (Pusan), Soul-t'ukpyolsi (Seoul), Taegu-gwangyoksi (Taegu), Taejon-gwangyoksi (Taejon), Ulsan-gwangyoksi (Ulsan)
Age structure 0-14 years:
19.4% (male 6,091; female 6,230)

15-64 years:
69.43% (male 21,783; female 22,309)

65 years and over:
11.17% (male 3,073; female 4,017) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 18.3% (male 4,714,103/female 4,262,873)


15-64 years: 72.1% (male 18,004,719/female 17,346,594)


65 years and over: 9.6% (male 1,921,803/female 2,794,698) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products rice, root crops, barley, vegetables, fruit; cattle, pigs, chickens, milk, eggs; fish
Airports 1 (2000 est.) 105 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 68


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 21


1,524 to 2,437 m: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 11


under 914 m: 19 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 37


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 34 (2007)
Area total:
58.8 sq km

land:
58.8 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 98,480 sq km


land: 98,190 sq km


water: 290 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC slightly larger than Indiana
Background Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence was soundly defeated in 1995. An independent Korean state or collection of states has existed almost continuously for several millennia. Between its initial unification in the 7th century - from three predecessor Korean states - until the 20th century, Korea existed as a single independent country. In 1905, following the Russo-Japanese War, Korea became a protectorate of imperial Japan, and in 1910 it was annexed as a colony. Korea regained its independence following Japan's surrender to the United States in 1945. After World War II, a Republic of Korea (ROK) was set up in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula while a Communist-style government was installed in the north (the DPRK). During the Korean War (1950-53), US troops and UN forces fought alongside soldiers from the ROK to defend South Korea from DPRK attacks supported by China and the Soviet Union. An armistice was signed in 1953, splitting the peninsula along a demilitarized zone at about the 38th parallel. Thereafter, South Korea achieved rapid economic growth with per capita income rising to roughly 14 times the level of North Korea. In 1993, KIM Young-sam became South Korea's first civilian president following 32 years of military rule. South Korea today is a fully functioning modern democracy. In June 2000, a historic first North-South summit took place between the South's President KIM Dae-jung and the North's leader KIM Jong Il. In October 2007, a second North-South summit took place between the South's President ROH Moo-hyun and the North Korean leader.
Birth rate 12.16 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 9.93 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$504.6 million

expenditures:
$537 million, including capital expenditures of $75 million (FY97/98)
revenues: $269.7 billion


expenditures: $256.6 billion (2007 est.)
Capital Hamilton name: Seoul


geographic coordinates: 37 33 N, 126 59 E


time difference: UTC+9 (14 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter
Coastline 103 km 2,413 km
Constitution 8 June 1968, amended 1989 17 July 1948; note - amended or rewritten nine times; current constitution approved on 29 October 1987
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Bermuda

former:
Somers Islands
conventional long form: Republic of Korea


conventional short form: South Korea


local long form: Taehan-min'guk


local short form: Han'guk


abbreviation: ROK
Currency Bermudian dollar (BMD) -
Death rate 7.42 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.99 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $NA $342.7 billion (30 September 2007)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Consul General Lawrence D. OWEN

consulate(s) general:
Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, Hamilton

mailing address:
P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, Washington, DC 20520-5300

telephone:
[1] (441) 295-1342

FAX:
[1] (441) 295-1592
chief of mission: Ambassador Alexander VERSHBOW


embassy: 32 Sejong-no, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-710


mailing address: US Embassy Seoul, APO AP 96205-5550


telephone: [82] (2) 397-4114


FAX: [82] (2) 738-8845
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador LEE Tae-sik


chancery: 2450 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 939-5600


FAX: [1] (202) 387-0205


consulate(s) general: Agana (Guam), Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, Seattle
Disputes - international none Military Demarcation Line within the 4-km wide Demilitarized Zone has separated North from South Korea since 1953; periodic incidents with North Korea in the Yellow Sea over the Northern Limiting Line, which South Korea claims as a maritime boundary; South Korea and Japan claim Liancourt Rocks (Tok-do/Take-shima), occupied by South Korea since 1954
Economic aid - donor - ODA, $455.3 million (2006)
Economic aid - recipient $27.9 million (1995) $68.07 million (2004)
Economy - overview Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, having successfully exploited its location by providing financial services for international firms and luxury tourist facilities for 360,000 visitors annually. The tourist industry, which accounts for an estimated 28% of GDP, attracts 84% of its business from North America. The industrial sector is small, and agriculture is severely limited by a lack of suitable land. About 80% of food needs are imported. International business contributes over 60% of Bermuda's economic output; a failed independence vote in late 1995 can be partially attributed to Bermudian fears of scaring away foreign firms. Government economic priorities are the further strengthening of the tourist and international financial sectors. Since the 1960s, South Korea has achieved an incredible record of growth and integration into the high-tech modern world economy. Four decades ago, GDP per capita was comparable with levels in the poorer countries of Africa and Asia. In 2004, South Korea joined the trillion dollar club of world economies. Today its GDP per capita is roughly the same as that of Greece and Spain. This success was achieved by a system of close government/business ties including directed credit, import restrictions, sponsorship of specific industries, and a strong labor effort. The government promoted the import of raw materials and technology at the expense of consumer goods and encouraged savings and investment over consumption. The Asian financial crisis of 1997-98 exposed longstanding weaknesses in South Korea's development model including high debt/equity ratios, massive foreign borrowing, and an undisciplined financial sector. GDP plunged by 6.9% in 1998, then recovered by 9.5% in 1999 and 8.5% in 2000. Growth fell back to 3.3% in 2001 because of the slowing global economy, falling exports, and the perception that much-needed corporate and financial reforms had stalled. Led by consumer spending and exports, growth in 2002 was an impressive 7%, despite anemic global growth. Between 2003 and 2007, growth moderated to about 4-5% annually. A downturn in consumer spending was offset by rapid export growth. Moderate inflation, low unemployment, and an export surplus in 2007 characterize this solid economy, but inflation and unemployment are increasing in the face of rising oil prices.
Electricity - consumption 511.5 million kWh (1999) 368.6 billion kWh (2007)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 550 million kWh (1999) 403.2 billion kWh (2007)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Town Hill 76 m
lowest point: Sea of Japan 0 m


highest point: Halla-san 1,950 m
Environment - current issues asbestos disposal; water pollution; preservation of open space air pollution in large cities; acid rain; water pollution from the discharge of sewage and industrial effluents; drift net fishing
Environment - international agreements - party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups black 58%, white 36%, other 6% homogeneous (except for about 20,000 Chinese)
Exchange rates Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar) South Korean won per US dollar - 929.2 (2007), 954.8 (2006), 1,024.1 (2005), 1,145.3 (2004), 1,191.6 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997)

head of government:
Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)

cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; governor invites leader of largest party in Parliament to form a government as premier
chief of state: President LEE Myung-bak (since 25 February 2008)


head of government: Prime Minister HAN Seung-soo (since 29 February 2008); Deputy Prime Ministers KIM Woo-sik (since 10 February 2006); KWON O-kyu (since 18 July 2006); KIM Shin-il (since 20 September 2006)


cabinet: State Council appointed by the president on the prime minister's recommendation


elections: president elected by popular vote for a single five-year term; election last held 19 December 2007 (next to be held on in December 2012); prime minister appointed by president with consent of National Assembly; deputy prime ministers appointed by president on prime minister's recommendation


election results: ROH Moo-hyun elected president on 19 December 2002; percent of vote - ROH Moo-hyun (MDP) 48.9%; LEE Hoi-chang (GNP) 46.6%; others 4.5%; LEE Myung-bak elected president on 19 December 2007; percent of vote - LEE Myung-bak (GNP) 48.7%; CHUNG Dong-young (UNDP) 26.1%); LEE Hoi-chang (independent) 15.1; others 10.1%
Exports $56 million (2000 est.) NA (2004)
Exports - commodities reexports of pharmaceuticals semiconductors, wireless telecommunications equipment, motor vehicles, computers, steel, ships, petrochemicals
Exports - partners UK 29.5%, US 9.8% (1997) China 22%, US 12.5%, Japan 7.1%, Hong Kong 5% (2007)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag white with a red (top) and blue yin-yang symbol in the center; there is a different black trigram from the ancient I Ching (Book of Changes) in each corner of the white field
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.1 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
10%

services:
89% (1995 est.)
agriculture: 3.2%


industry: 39.6%


services: 57.2% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $33,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 1.5% (2000 est.) 4.9% (2007 est.)
Geographic coordinates 32 20 N, 64 45 W 37 00 N, 127 30 E
Geography - note consists of about 360 small coral islands with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995 strategic location on Korea Strait
Heliports - 536 (2007)
Highways total:
225 km

paved:
225 km

unpaved:
0 km

note:
in addition, there are 232 km of paved and unpaved roads that are privately owned (1997)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 2.9%


highest 10%: 25% (2005 est.)
Imports $739 million (2000 est.) 2.41 million bbl/day (2006)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals machinery, electronics and electronic equipment, oil, steel, transport equipment, organic chemicals, plastics
Imports - partners US 34%, UK 9%, Mexico 8% (1997) China 17.7%, Japan 16%, US 10.7%, Saudi Arabia 5.9%, UAE 4.2% (2006)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) 15 August 1945 (from Japan)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 7.6% (2007 est.)
Industries tourism, finance, insurance, structural concrete products, paints, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, ship repairing electronics, telecommunications, automobile production, chemicals, shipbuilding, steel
Infant mortality rate 9.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 6.05 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.43 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.7% (2000 est.) 2.5% (2007)
International organization participation Caricom (observer), CCC, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC ADB, AfDB, APEC, APT, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA, MIGA, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 20 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 8,780 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts Supreme Court (justices appointed by president with consent of National Assembly); Constitutional Court (justices appointed by president based partly on nominations by National Assembly and Chief Justice of the court)
Labor force 35,296 (1997) 23.99 million (2007 est.)
Labor force - by occupation clerical 23%, services 22%, laborers 17%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 12%, sales 7%, agriculture and fishing 2% (1996) agriculture: 7.5%


industry: 17.3%


services: 75.2% (2007)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 238 km


border countries: North Korea 238 km
Land use arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
94% (55% developed, 39% rural/open space) (1997 est.)
arable land: 16.58%


permanent crops: 2.01%


other: 81.41% (2005)
Languages English (official), Portuguese Korean, English widely taught in junior high and high school
Legal system English law combines elements of continental European civil law systems, Anglo-American law, and Chinese classical thought; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor) and the House of Assembly (40 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PLP 54%, UBP 44%, NLP 1%, independents 1%; seats by party - PLP 26, UBP 14
unicameral National Assembly or Kukhoe (299 seats; 243 members elected in single-seat constituencies, 56 elected by proportional representation; to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 15 April 2004 (next to be held on 9 April 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - Uri 51%, GNP 41%, DLP 3%, DP 3%, others 2%; seats by party - Uri 141, GNP 127, DP 12, DLP 9, PFP 5, independents 5


note: percent of vote is for 2004 general election; seats by party reflect results of 2005 and 2006 by-elections; MDP became DP in May 2005; United Liberal Democrats (ULD) merged with GNP in February 2006; URI was disbanded in 2007; DP became part of United Democratic Pary (UDP) in 2008; PFP became part of Liberty Forward Party (LFP) in 2008
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.12 years

male:
75.04 years

female:
79.06 years (2001 est.)
total population: 77.23 years


male: 73.81 years


female: 80.93 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
98%

female:
99% (1970 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97.9%


male: 99.2%


female: 96.6% (2002)
Location North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of North Carolina (US) Eastern Asia, southern half of the Korean Peninsula bordering the Sea of Japan and the Yellow Sea
Map references North America Asia
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm; between 3 nm and 12 nm in the Korea Strait


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: not specified
Merchant marine total:
105 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,836,538 GRT/9,728,045 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 27, cargo 4, container 15, liquefied gas 7, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 23, refrigerated cargo 16, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 3

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Canada 10, Hong Kong 10, Japan 1, Nigeria 4, Saudi Arabia 1, Sweden 3, Switzerland 2, UK 10, US 7 (2000 est.)
total: 738 ships (1000 GRT or over) 10,636,466 GRT/17,371,943 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 187, cargo 202, carrier 1, chemical tanker 119, container 81, liquefied gas 26, passenger 5, passenger/cargo 21, petroleum tanker 57, refrigerated cargo 19, roll on/roll off 8, specialized tanker 4, vehicle carrier 8


foreign-owned: 22 (China 2, France 8, Japan 1, Sweden 2, UK 1, US 7, Vietnam 1)


registered in other countries: 386 (Belize 4, Cambodia 29, China 1, Cyprus 2, Greece 2, Honduras 6, Hong Kong 6, Indonesia 1, Liberia 4, Malta 3, Marshall Islands 3, Netherlands 1, Panama 316, Russia 1, Singapore 7, unknown 4) (2007)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary Army, Navy, Republic of Korea Air Force (Han-guk Kong Goon), Marine Corps, National Maritime Police (coast guard) (2006)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 2.7% (2006)
National holiday Bermuda Day, 24 May Liberation Day, 15 August (1945)
Nationality noun:
Bermudian(s)

adjective:
Bermudian
noun: Korean(s)


adjective: Korean
Natural hazards hurricanes (June to November) occasional typhoons bring high winds and floods; low-level seismic activity common in southwest
Natural resources limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism coal, tungsten, graphite, molybdenum, lead, hydropower potential
Net migration rate 2.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines - gas 1,482 km; refined products 827 km (2007)
Political parties and leaders National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Jennifer SMITH]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Pamela GORDON] Creative Korea Party or CKP [MOON Kook-hyun]; Democratic Labor Party or DLP [CHUN Young-se]; Grand National Party or GNP [KANG Jae-sup]; Liberty Forward Party or LFP [SIM Dae-pyung]; United Democratic Party or UDP [SOHN Hak-kyu]
Political pressure groups and leaders Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Association or BPSA [Betty CHRISTOPHER] Federation of Korean Industries; Federation of Korean Trade Unions; Korean Confederation of Trade Unions; Korean National Council of Churches; Korean Traders Association; Korean Veterans' Association; National Council of Labor Unions; National Democratic Alliance of Korea; National Federation of Farmers' Associations; National Federation of Student Associations
Population 63,503 (July 2001 est.) 49,044,790 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 15% (2003 est.)
Population growth rate 0.74% (2001 est.) 0.394% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Hamilton, Saint George -
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 61, FM 150, shortwave 2 (2005)
Radios 82,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km total: 3,472 km


standard gauge: 3,472 km 1.435-m gauge (1,342 km electrified) (2006)
Religions non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19% Christian 26.3% (Protestant 19.7%, Roman Catholic 6.6%), Buddhist 23.2%, other or unknown 1.3%, none 49.3% (1995 census)
Sex ratio at birth:
0.94 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.76 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.106 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.038 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.688 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 19 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
modern, fully automatic telephone system

international:
3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international services


domestic: NA


international: country code - 82; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, and US; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Pacific Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean) and 3 Inmarsat (1 Pacific Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 52,000 (1997) 26.866 million (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular 7,980 (1996) 40.197 million (2006)
Television broadcast stations 3 (1997) 43 (plus 59 cable operators and 190 relay cable operators) (2005)
Terrain low hills separated by fertile depressions mostly hills and mountains; wide coastal plains in west and south
Total fertility rate 1.81 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.28 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate NEGL% (1995) 3.2% (2007 est.)
Waterways none 1,608 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2007)
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